The paper provides an overview of their developments, characteristics, and functions, and makes suggestions for good dictionary use by people living in the contemporary urban society. This paper looks at two important genres of electronic dictionaries, web-based dictionaries and hand-held electronic dictionaries (henceforth HHEDs) with the needs of EFL students in mind. With dictionaries available also in electronic media, dictionary consultation is not limited to flipping through pages of the print dictionary (slow, linear, and local) but keyboarding and even clicking on words in the electronic dictionary (quick, flexible, and exhaustive). Introduction Digital technology has revolutionized the dictionary in its compilation, presentation, and consultation. Keywords: EFL dictionary dictionary consultation electronic dictionary example sentence search function hand-held electronic dictionary print dictionary web-based dictionary 1. Dictionary use education by teachers and improvement of materials by makers can contribute to a good dictionary use. Strategic and comparative uses of dictionaries are keys for reference and learning, respectively.

To make the most of the wealth of reference materials available in the electronic age, in the first place, the user has to be familiar with their types and formats and understand how to make effective use of them. The latter are made convenient by the various functions which enable the user to conduct versatile and exhaustive searches using abundant reference materials included in the palmtop machine. 1 1 Dictionary use in urban society: web-based and hand-held electronic dictionaries 1 Shigeru Yamada, Waseda University Abstract This paper focusses on web-based EFL dictionaries and hand-held electronic dictionaries, both of which have been improving.

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